Status Codes (状态码)
418 I'm a teapot - Any attempt to brew coffee with a teapot should result in the error code "418 I'm a teapot". The resulting entity body MAY be short and stout.
— RFC 2324, Hyper Text Coffee Pot Control Protocol
不建议在响应中使用裸露的状态码。REST框架包含一组可以使用以使代码更加明显和可读的命名常量。
from rest_framework import status
from rest_framework.response import Response
def empty_view(self):
content = {'please move along': 'nothing to see here'}
return Response(content, status=status.HTTP_404_NOT_FOUND)
下面列出了 state
模块中包含的全套HTTP状态码。
该模块还包括一组辅助函数,用于测试状态码是否在给定范围内。
from rest_framework import status
from rest_framework.test import APITestCase
class ExampleTestCase(APITestCase):
def test_url_root(self):
url = reverse('index')
response = self.client.get(url)
self.assertTrue(status.is_success(response.status_code))
有关正确使用HTTP状态代码的更多信息 RFC 2616 和 RFC 6585.
Informational - 1xx
此类状态代码表示临时响应。默认情况下,REST框架中没有使用1xx状态代码。
HTTP_100_CONTINUE
HTTP_101_SWITCHING_PROTOCOLS
Successful - 2xx
此类状态码表示已成功接收、理解和接受客户端的请求。
HTTP_200_OK
HTTP_201_CREATED
HTTP_202_ACCEPTED
HTTP_203_NON_AUTHORITATIVE_INFORMATION
HTTP_204_NO_CONTENT
HTTP_205_RESET_CONTENT
HTTP_206_PARTIAL_CONTENT
HTTP_207_MULTI_STATUS
Redirection - 3xx
此类状态码表示用户代理需要采取进一步的操作才能完成请求。
HTTP_300_MULTIPLE_CHOICES
HTTP_301_MOVED_PERMANENTLY
HTTP_302_FOUND
HTTP_303_SEE_OTHER
HTTP_304_NOT_MODIFIED
HTTP_305_USE_PROXY
HTTP_306_RESERVED
HTTP_307_TEMPORARY_REDIRECT
Client Error - 4xx
此类状态码用于客户端似乎出错的情况。除了响应HEAD请求时,服务器应该包含一个实体对象,其中包含对错误情况的解释,以及它是临时的还是持续的。
HTTP_400_BAD_REQUEST
HTTP_401_UNAUTHORIZED
HTTP_402_PAYMENT_REQUIRED
HTTP_403_FORBIDDEN
HTTP_404_NOT_FOUND
HTTP_405_METHOD_NOT_ALLOWED
HTTP_406_NOT_ACCEPTABLE
HTTP_407_PROXY_AUTHENTICATION_REQUIRED
HTTP_408_REQUEST_TIMEOUT
HTTP_409_CONFLICT
HTTP_410_GONE
HTTP_411_LENGTH_REQUIRED
HTTP_412_PRECONDITION_FAILED
HTTP_413_REQUEST_ENTITY_TOO_LARGE
HTTP_414_REQUEST_URI_TOO_LONG
HTTP_415_UNSUPPORTED_MEDIA_TYPE
HTTP_416_REQUESTED_RANGE_NOT_SATISFIABLE
HTTP_417_EXPECTATION_FAILED
HTTP_422_UNPROCESSABLE_ENTITY
HTTP_423_LOCKED
HTTP_424_FAILED_DEPENDENCY
HTTP_428_PRECONDITION_REQUIRED
HTTP_429_TOO_MANY_REQUESTS
HTTP_431_REQUEST_HEADER_FIELDS_TOO_LARGE
HTTP_451_UNAVAILABLE_FOR_LEGAL_REASONS
Server Error - 5xx
此类响应状态码表示服务器意识到自身出错或无法执行请求的情况。除了响应HEAD请求的时候,服务器应该包含一个实体,其中包含对错误情况的解释,以及它是临时的还是持续的。
HTTP_500_INTERNAL_SERVER_ERROR
HTTP_501_NOT_IMPLEMENTED
HTTP_502_BAD_GATEWAY
HTTP_503_SERVICE_UNAVAILABLE
HTTP_504_GATEWAY_TIMEOUT
HTTP_505_HTTP_VERSION_NOT_SUPPORTED
HTTP_507_INSUFFICIENT_STORAGE
HTTP_511_NETWORK_AUTHENTICATION_REQUIRED
Helper functions (辅助函数)
下列helper函数可用于标识响应代码的类别。
is_informational() # 1xx
is_success() # 2xx
is_redirect() # 3xx
is_client_error() # 4xx
is_server_error() # 5xx